Cultural
Systèmes d’irrigation aflaj d’Oman
Oman
Photo : Dr. Thomas Liptak (CC BY-SA 4.0)
The aflaj irrigation systems of Oman represent an ancient network of water management infrastructure that has sustained human settlement and agriculture across the arid regions of the Arabian Peninsula for centuries. These systems comprise underground channels, known as falaj (plural aflaj), which transport water from mountain sources to cultivated areas and settlements through ingeniously engineered gravity-fed conduits. The aflaj systems demonstrate exceptional engineering knowledge adapted to the region's harsh climate and topography, combining practical functionality with cultural significance in Omani society. Located throughout Oman's interior and coastal regions, these systems integrate seamlessly with the natural landscape while serving as focal points for community organization and social interaction. The systems are characterized by their underground construction, periodically interrupted by access shafts and surface channels, with some still functioning after generations of continuous use and maintenance. The aflaj systems are recognized as outstanding examples of traditional water management technology and represent an important aspect of Omani cultural heritage and historical development.
